In the production process of quartz sand, the stable operation of equipment
is closely related to the safety of operators. As the direct controller of the
equipment, the operator's safety awareness and operation standard degree
directly affect the production safety and their own safety. Safety training for
operators of quartz sand equipment is the key to reduce safety accidents and
guarantee orderly production. The following are the key points to focus on.
1、 Clarification of training objectives
The first thing to do is to define the objectives of the training so that the
operator knows the significance and direction of the training. On one hand, the
operators shall fully master the safe operation procedures of the equipment,
including the standard operation of the key links such as the inspection before
the equipment is started, the monitoring during the normal operation and the
maintenance after the shutdown; On the other hand, it is necessary to improve
the safety risk identification and emergency disposal ability of operators, so
that they can timely find out the abnormal hidden dangers in the equipment
operation, and quickly and correctly take countermeasures in case of emergency
safety situations, so as to minimize the accident loss.
2、 Core training contents
(1) Basic knowledge of equipment safety
Operators shall have a clear understanding of the structure and working
principle of the quartz sand equipment (such as crusher, sand making machine,
screening machine, conveyor, etc.). Understand the functions and vulnerable
parts of the core parts of the equipment (such as the crushing chamber of the
crusher, impeller of the sand making machine, conveyor belt, etc.), define the
dangerous areas during the operation of the equipment (such as rotating parts,
extrusion parts, material splash areas, etc.), and fundamentally realize the
importance of standard operation. At the same time, be familiar with the
function and maintenance of safety devices on the equipment, such as emergency
stop button, protective barrier, safety interlocking device, etc., and know that
these devices shall not be dismantled or stopped at will. Any damage found shall
be reported and handled immediately.
(2) Post Safety Operation Specification
Different equipment operation processes have different focuses, and detailed
training shall be carried out for specific equipment. Before starting the
equipment, strictly implement the "inspection procedures": check whether the
connection parts of the equipment are secure, whether the lubrication system is
normal (whether the oil quantity and quality meet the requirements), whether the
material conveying channel is unobstructed, and whether the safety protection
device is intact. After confirming no abnormality, start the equipment according
to the specified sequence. During the operation of equipment, the operator shall
monitor the operating parameters in the whole process, such as motor current,
equipment speed, bearing temperature, etc., and pay attention to whether the
equipment has abnormal sound, vibration or leakage. Once any abnormality is
found, the equipment shall be stopped for inspection in time according to the
regulations, and "operation with fault" is strictly prohibited. When the
equipment is shut down, the correct shutdown sequence shall be followed. After
shutdown, the materials and sundries on the equipment surface and around shall
be cleaned in time, and the daily maintenance records of the equipment shall be
made.
(3) Common safety risks and prevention
There are many safety risks in the production of quartz sand, so the
operators shall accurately identify and master the prevention methods. The risk
of mechanical injury is the key point. It shall be emphasized that it is
strictly prohibited to reach into the dangerous area when the equipment is
operating, and it is not allowed to directly clean the stuck materials with
hands (special tools shall be used and the equipment shall be shut down for
operation); In terms of electrical safety risks, the operator shall understand
the electrical specifications of the equipment. It is strictly prohibited to
operate the electrical switch with wet hands, pull and connect wires without
permission. In case of wire damage, abnormal heating of the motor and other
situations, immediately shut down the machine and contact the electrician for
treatment; Dust hazard is also a non-negligible part. Quartz sand production
will produce a large amount of dust. Operators must wear qualified dust masks as
required, and understand the operating state of dust collection equipment to
ensure its normal operation to reduce dust concentration.
(4) Emergency disposal skills
For possible emergencies, operators shall be trained to master basic
emergency handling skills. When the equipment is stuck or blocked, shut down the
machine and cut off the power supply, clean the equipment after confirming the
safety, and do not start the equipment forcibly; In case of electric leakage of
equipment, the operator shall keep calm, immediately cut off the main power
supply (do not directly touch the electric leakage equipment), and call the
emergency telephone for treatment by professionals; In case of personnel injury,
take preliminary first-aid measures (such as hemostasis treatment for minor
scratch, simple fixation after fracture, etc.) according to the injury
condition, and quickly contact medical rescue personnel to ensure that the
injured can be treated timely.
3、 Training mode and implementation
Practicality and flexibility shall be considered in the training mode to
ensure that operators can effectively absorb knowledge. The method of
"theoretical explanation+on-site demonstration" can be adopted: theoretical
explanation focuses on equipment safety knowledge, operating procedures, risk
prevention and other contents, and is analyzed in combination with actual cases
(such as past safety accident cases of quartz sand equipment) to enhance the
safety awareness of operators; Experienced technical personnel or experienced
operators shall carry out practical operation demonstration beside the
equipment, and explain key operation steps (such as check action before startup,
use of emergency stop button, etc.) in detail, so that operators can intuitively
master standard operation methods. In addition, "simulation practice training"
can be organized to allow operators to carry out operation practice in the
simulated equipment operation scene. Trainers shall provide on-site error
correction guidance to help them master operation skills and emergency disposal
process.
4、 Training assessment and continuous improvement
Strict examination shall be carried out after training to check the mastery
of operators. The assessment can be divided into theoretical assessment and
practical assessment: the theoretical assessment is carried out in the form of
written examination to check the operators' memory and understanding of
equipment safety knowledge, operating procedures, risk prevention, etc;
Practical operation assessment enables operators to complete startup, operation
monitoring, shutdown, simple fault handling and other operations on real
equipment, and assess their operation normalization and proficiency. For
operators who fail to pass the examination, secondary training and supplementary
examination shall be carried out until they pass the examination. At the same
time, the training is not a one-time work, and the "continuous improvement
mechanism" shall be established: regularly collect the equipment safety problems
in production and the training needs of operators, and adjust the training
contents and methods according to the actual situation; In combination with the
introduction of new equipment and process updating, supplementary training shall
be carried out in time to ensure that the safety skills of operators are always
matched with the production requirements.
In a word, the safety training for operators of quartz sand equipment shall
be carried out around "standard operation, risk identification and emergency
disposal". Through clear objectives, detailed contents, optimized methods and
strengthened assessment, the safety literacy of operators shall be practically
improved to provide solid guarantee for the safety and stability of quartz sand
production.